Introduction

The female reproductive system consists of the ovary, oviduct, uterus and vagina.
The oviduct, uterus and vagina have a common structure which is adapted for their particular functions.
The breast or mammary glands are also considered here, as they are important during pregnancy.

Objectives

By the time you have finished this topic you should know:

1. How to recognise sections of ovary and appreciate its different functions.
2. Describe the changes that occur (four different stages) during the maturation of ovarian follicles and be aware of the origin, function and fate of the components of the mature follicles.
3. Describe the histological arrangement of the oviduct, uterus and vagina and appreciate how this is adapted for their particular functions.
4. How to recognise the structural changes that occur to the uterine endometrium, during the menstrual cycle.
5. Describe the structure of breast tissue (mammary gland), and the changes that occur during pregnancy and breast-feeding.